Lock nut



Dec. 8, 1931. l Z. N BERGMAN 1,835,262

lLOCK NUT Filed'o'ct. 21, 1929 gwuemto'o Patented Dec. s, 1931 zaxAmAs N. BERGMAN, or ,SEATTLEQ`WASH1NGTONQ AssIGNoR on ONE-HALF` 'ro :GEORGE.M. FERGUSON,'OF SEA'FIIT,y WASHINGTON j seek 1m 1 fiipplimiirfneaeetpber 21, 1929; ,serialY N6. 401,178.

1 one of my Objects is tO-pfoviae an tamara locking means for holding nutsupon` bolts,

and to prevent their becomingloosened, and Y one' Whichi's cheap, lendingitself to quantity production by .automatic machinery, and

which isfsimple to place in operative position,and one which, in chase of necessity, may

be disengaged, and rom vvhich the nut can.` be backed off the bolt, the threads not being: injuredA to an extent to preventthis.

Morespecii'cally, it is my object vto vpro,- vide a locking pin of Wedge-like character, having means to present a sharp edge, or serrations, to the threads of a bolt, the serra tions being so disposed that they will not sink into and inter-engage With the thread of the bolt. y

A further object is to provider a means whereby such a lock nut Will cinch up and hold the nuts firmly in place by a type of Wedging action, insuch manner and so positioned that there is a virtual three-point. suspension, or three points of application of greatestv force.

My invention comprises the novel parts and the novel combination and arrangement thereof, as is shown in the accompanying drawings, described in the specification, .and as Will be more particularly defined by the claims which terminate the same.

In the accompanying drawings I' have shown several forms of my invention.

Figure 1 is a plan view .of my lock nut combination, and Figure 2 is a section thereof on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of '.a preferred form of my locking pin, and Figure 4 is a transverse section therethrough, on the line 4-4 of Figure 3. Y

Figure 5 is a side elevation of my lock nut combination.

Figure 6 is a plan View of the nut, arranged according to my invention.

Figure 7 is a side elevation 01:' a modiied form of my lock nut combination, and Figure 8 is a section therethrough, on the line 8 8 of Figure 7 Figure 9 is a side elevation of a further modified form. Figure 10 is a section G through the'form shown in VFigure 9, While Figure 11 is a similar section through a further modification.

"One of the drawbacks of proposed locknut arrangements' has been thenecessity of seriously detorming the bolt' itself, either during or-after 1t has been manufactured, as by cut'i` ting'a groove init, or bythe insertion of the locking means.' According to my invention,

thereis nodeformation ofthe bolt which Would involve a milling'operation, but there is only required the-cutting ofthe formation of an axial,or substantially axial, kgroove in" the aperture of the nut itself. f Thislcan be" readily incorporated in thenut in theV course.

ofits manufacture, by automatic machinery," and adds l1ttle or 'nothing tothe cost/of the nut. The ,bolt is deformed scarcely at a1l',an`d can be used With'` or Without the locking arl rangement. A' 'r i To illustrate my invention I have'shown the bolt 1, having ahead 1() and a threaded portion `1v1. Upon this is threaded the usual nut 2, havine the' threaded aperture 21, Within which the threaded end llof the bolt 1 isrcceiived tohold together suchobjects'as theplates 3 and'f30. frrvvasherV 31 may be employed,.also, ifdesired. p r i As has been stated, anlaxial groove or grooves is formed in the aperture-'21, prefL` erably cutting through the. bottom of ,the threads in this aperture. Within this groove` 20 vis received a locking pin 4, which is pref` erablytapered, and is so shown in thedrawi ings. f While I may use a single pin, as shown'. inFigures 7 andV 8,1 prefer 4to use twoppins,y and prefer thatV these twofpins be jointedv'at 43 in ,thev form of'a U-shapedstaple, as isv best seen in Figure 3. As' may be seenin Figure 4, the back side ofthe pin 4 is plane, as indicated at 40, While its inner oryfront edge is inclined to be sharpened, :as indicated at 41. The plane` back edge seats .in the plane bottom of theI groove 20, which'is prefL erably 'Without any'taper, anduthis engagement of the plane surfaces/40 and 20-p`revents not of as great importance in thestapleiorml i :ser

.rm can be withdrawn by inserting a tool such as' of the locking pin as in the forni where single pins only are used.

In either forni of the pin l prefer that the forward edge 4l be serrated, as is indicated at 42, thus to provide saw-like teeth, which, in a sense, cut into the tops of the threads l1 of the bolt'. VSuch a line of cutting is indicated at 14 in Figure 2, and it will be observed that this is not sullicient to seriously affect the threads. rl`he nutscan. still be turned ofi (the. pins 4 having been first removed)v without any particular effort, and threaded on again,

yet the engagement is sufficient to obtain tight locking of the nut to the b olt. This,

of course, is assisted by the wedging action ot' the tapered pin 4 in its straight groove 20. It should be noted, also, that the serrations 42v areA inclined with. respect to the axisof the pin. 4, as may be best seen in Figure 3,. and the purpose of' this is to present an inclined edge to the edges of' th-e threads 11, so that the serrations will not sink into the grooves between the threads of the bolt, and thereby lose its wedging or` holding action.. Because of the inclination of these serrations relative to the perhaps follow the groove between threadsv 11, as isi illustrated in- Figure 8. This serves to retain the pin 4 in place, yet it can be with-v drawn if that is necessary. Especially, it

a screw driver under the section, 43, which joins the two staple-like pins 4.

It is not strictly essential that the grooves 20' be disposed parallel with the axis of the nut, though this is preferable, both from reasons of ease ofinsertion and withdrawal ofy the locking pin, and because of economies which can be effected thereby in the manufacture of the nut. However, in Figures 9 and 10 l have shown the groove 20 as slightly'incl'ined, and in Figure 11 have shown the groove as curved slightly.

Using the twok pins, whether joined by the section43A or independent of one another, the nut is drawn to one side, since these grooves are arranged upon the same side of a diametrifcal plane, and the side of the nut inidway opposite between these two grooves is drawnvtightly into the threads of the bolt, so that thereare provided three lines of greatest force, in the two grooves and at the side midway opposite the two grooves. This firmly holds the nut` to the bolt, and coinpensates for anypossible looseness of the nut: upon. the bolt;

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In combination with a bolt, a nut threaded thereon, the aperture of said nut having a groove through it, and a tapered locking pin triangular in cross section held in said groove and having an edge of said pin adjacent the bolt7 the locking pin, towards the bolt, being serrated to cut through the edges of the bolts threads, and said ser'- rations being diagonally disposed to prevent', "interengagenient thereof with the thread.

2. v'In combination with a bolt, a nut threaded thereon, the aperture of said nut having two axial grooves through it, at one side of a diametrical plane, and a tapered locking pin wedged i-ii each of said grooves, and engaging the threads of the bolt, thereby forming a tight fitting three point contact between said bolt and nut.

3. A lock nutcombination as in claiin 2, the two pins being joined to forni a U-shaped staple..

Signed at Seattle, Washington, this 12th day of October, 1929.

ZAKARIAS BERGMAN.

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